Critical Analysis of Learning Barriers and the Quality of Tourism Education Output at SMKN 1 Cikedung Indramayu

Abstract

This study analyzes learning barriers and the quality of tourism education output at SMKN 1 Cikedung Indramayu. This qualitative study uses a case study approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The research subjects consist of 15 informants, including the school principal, productive teachers, students, and alumni who have worked in the tourism industry. The results of the study reveal three main categories of barriers: (1) infrastructure barriers, including limited practical laboratories, inadequate equipment, and restricted internet access; (2) human resource barriers, such as the need to improve teacher competencies, an unfavorable teacher-student ratio, and a shortage of industry experts; (3) curriculum and industry barriers, including a gap between the curriculum and industry needs, limited collaboration with the business world, and a lack of quality internship programs. The quality of output indicates that the absorption rate of graduates in the tourism industry is only 35%, with competencies that still require additional training. This study recommends improving practical facilities, developing teacher competencies through industry certification programs, revising industry-based curricula, and strengthening partnerships with tourism stakeholders.