The Impact of Tourism Development on Environmental Sustainability in the Bukit Lawang Ecotourism Area

Abstract

This study aims to examine the impact of tourism development on the physical environmental conditions in Desa Perkebunan Bukit Lawang, Bahorok Subdistrict, Langkat Regency, with a focus on changes occurring in tourist attractions, facilities, and infrastructure. A qualitative method was employed, with data collected through direct observation and unstructured interviews. The study relied on primary data gathered from fieldwork, supplemented by secondary data from various sources. Informants were selected using purposive sampling, targeting community members who have knowledge of and are directly affected by tourism development. The results of the study indicate that tourism provides economic benefits and enhances environmental awareness among local communities; however, it also poses challenges such as pressure on environmental carrying capacity, changes in wildlife behavior, and uncontrolled development. The implications of this research highlight the importance of sustainable tourism management through collaboration among local communities, government authorities, and non-governmental organizations in order to preserve the integrity of this conservation area.