The Effect of Financial Distress, Leverage, and Managerial Ownership on Accounting Conservatism In Property Companies Listed on the IDX in 2021-2023

Marnita  HASUGIAN; Rahima  PURBA; Fitri Yani  PANGGABEAN

doi:10.38142/ahjpm.v4i2.1455

Authors

Marnita HASUGIAN Panca Budi Medan University, Indonesia
Rahima PURBA University Panca Budi Medan University, Indonesia
Fitri Yani PANGGABEAN Panca Budi Medan University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38142/ahjpm.v4i2.1455

Keywords:

Financial Distress, Leverage, Managerial Ownership, Accounting Conservatism

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of Financial Distress, Leverage, and Managerial Ownership on Accounting Conservatism in property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2021-2023. This study uses an associative strategy to determine the relationship between two or more variables. The data in this study uses secondary data. The population in this study amounted to 92 companies. Sampling and sample size determination in this study were carried out using the Purposive Sampling method, resulting in a sample of 29 entities. The analytical approach uses multiple linear regression analysis, the coefficient of determination, the classical assumption test, and descriptive statistical data analysis. Use the t-test and F-test to test the hypothesis. This study found that Financial Distress has a significant effect on accounting conservatism, Leverage has no significant effect on accounting conservatism, and Managerial Ownership has no significant effect on accounting conservatism. The F-test in this study concluded that only Financial Distress has a significant effect on Accounting Conservatism, while Leverage and Managerial Ownership have no significant effect on Accounting Conservatism.

References

Asmeri, R., & Putri, S. Y. A. (2024). Pengaruh Financial Distress dan Leverage Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2017-2020). Ekasakti Pareso Jurnal Akuntansi, 2(1), 1-8.

Astutik, I. D., & Wulandari, A. (2025). Faktor-Faktor Penentu Penerapaan Konservatisme Akuntansi Pada Perusahaan Non ManufaktuR. Jurnal PETA, 10(1).

Ayem, S., & Rahmayani, S. (2022). Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas Terhadap Financial Distress Menggunakan Survival Analysis. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 4(4), 1204. https://doi.org/10.47476/reslaj.v4i4.1083

Brueckner, J. K., & Rosenthal, S. S. (2025). Tenant Riskiness, Contract Length, and the Term Structure of Commercial Leases* Tenant Riskiness, Contract Length, and the Term Structure of Commercial Leases.

Choudhury, M. M. (2024). Signaling Theory: An Approach to Organizational Behavior Research. Journal of Accounting, Business and Management, 31(2).

Ganevia, N. R., Karim, N. K., & Hudaya, R. (2022). Pengaruh leverage, ukuran perusahaan dan kepemilikan manajerial terhadap konservatisme akuntansi. Jurnal Bisnis Terapan, 6(2), 117-129.

Ghozali, I. (2021). APLIKASI ANALISIS MULTIVARIATE Dengan Program IBM SPSS 26 IBM" SPSS" Statistics ».

Hendrastuti, R., & Harahap, R. F. (2023). Agency theory: Review of the theory and current research. Jurnal Akuntansi Aktual, 10(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.17977/um004v10i12023p085

Heryadi, A. D. Y., & Agustina, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Financial Distress, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Leverage Terhadap Prudence Pada Perusahaan Properti & Real Estate Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2021. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Rahmaniyah, 6(2), 224-235.

https://www.idx.co.id/id (Diakses 10 februari 2025)

Iskandar, R., Afriyenis, W., & Utari, T. S. (2023). The Role of Financial Distress, Profitability and Leverage on Accounting Conservatism. GOVERNORS, 2(2), 83–91. https://doi.org/10.47709/governors.v2i2.2578

Isnen, F., & Albastiah, F. A. (2024). Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Manajerial, Proporsi Komisaris Independen Dan Growth Opportunities Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. Edunomika, 8(2).

Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory Of The Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs And Ownership Structure. In Journal of Financial Economics (Vol. 3). Q North-Holland Publishing Company.

Kurniawan, Y. A., Farida, F., & Purwantini, A. H. (2022). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, intensitas modal, leverage, growth opportunities dan financial distress terhadap konservatisme akuntansi. Borobudur Accounting Review, 1-20.

Lesmono, B., & Siregar, S. (2021). Studi Literatur Tentang Agency Theory. Ekonomi, Keuangan, Investasi Dan Syariah (EKUITAS), 3(2), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v3i2.1128

Lin, C. C., & Nguyen, T. P. (2022). The Impact of Ownership Structure on Corporate Social Responsibility Performance in Vietnam. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912445

Listyorini, I. (2023). Financial Distress, Accounting Conservatism and Litigation Risk in Property & Real Estate Industry During The Covid-19 Pandemic (Vol. 1). https://journal.trunojoyo.ac.id/icembus

Lubis, R. K., Darmadi, S., Pratiwi, T. A., Windara, P. F., Lutvian, S., & Firas, R. (2025). Managerial ownership as a corporate governance mechanism in shaping leverage decisions: insights from Indonesia. Cogent Business and Management, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2025.2473043

Maulana, A., & Widyawati, D. (2024). Pengaruh Kepemilikan Manajerial, Kepemilikan Institusional Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Food And Beverage Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2020-2023. www.web.idx.com

Prawira, W. A., & Mubarok, P. A. (2023). Pengaruh Tingkat Utang (Leverage), Kepemilikan Manajerial, dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Penerapan Konservatisme Akuntansi Pada Perusahaan Konstruksi Dan Real Estate Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019. Jurnal Riset Perbankan, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi, 7(1), 64-74.

Purwasih, D. (2020). Pengaruh Mekanisme Corporate Governance, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Debt To Equity Ratio Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2012-2019).

Rafida, W., & Pratami, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Financial Distress, Intensitas Modal, Leverage, dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. Journal Of Islamic Finance and Accounting Research, 2(1 FEBRUARI), 61-73.

Ramadhani, B., & Sulistyowati, M. (2019). Advance : Jurnal Akuntansi The Effect Of Financial Distress, Leverage, Company Size on Accounting Conservatism In Food and Beverage Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015-2017. 6(1). www.economy.okezone.com

Ren, H. (2025). Sustainable Development and Accounting Conservatism. Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22804

Savitri, E. (2016). Konservatisme Akuntansi.

Sudrajat. (2021). Pengaruh Financial Distress, Profitabilitas, Dan Company Growth Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v10i1.1318

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D (Ke-2 ed.).

Bandung: Alfabeta, CV

Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan R&D. www.cvalfabeta.com

Sulistyo Putra, A., & Satria, H. (2022). Konservatisme Akuntansi: Financial Distress dan Debt to Equity Ratio Accounting Conservatism: Financial Distress and Debt to Equity Ratio. 6(1).

Talawa, M., & Badwan, N. (2024). Impact of accounting conservatism and corporate governance on stock price breakdown in firms listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 9(3), 229–256. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAR-11-2023-0385

Thi, H., Nguyen, X., Nguyen, H. T., & Pham, D. (2023). Literature Review of Accounting Conservatism and Its Measurements.

Wananda, M. (2023). Pengaruh konservatisme akuntansi, profitabilitas, growth opportunities, ukuran perusahaan dan leverage terhadap earning response coefficient (studi pada perusahaan sektor properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2019–2021) (Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITAS BINA DARMA).

Wiharno, H., Hamzah, A., & Pangestu, R. H. (2023). Determinants of Accounting Conservatism. Global Financial Accounting Journal, 7(1), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.37253/gfa.v7i1.7252

Zadeh, F. N., Askarany, D., & Asl, S. A. (2022). Accounting Conservatism and Earnings Quality. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15090413