The Practice of Internet Marketing and Nation Brand Towards Indonesian Tourism Sectors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v4i2.521Keywords:
Nation Brand, Online Marketing, Tourism, Wonderful IndonesiaAbstract
This thesis provides brief explanation about the important of Nation Brand and the use of Internet marketing to support Indonesian Tourism sectors. Furthermore, this paper also includes tourist perception towards Indonesia as a tourist destination. It is quite believed, as an archipelago nation with thousand cultures, natural resources, and flora and fauna, Indonesia has a capability to take a lead in tourisms sectors in Southeast Asia region. Proven by data from World Economic Forum that Indonesia position raised from 50th in 2015 into 42nd world’s rank in 2017. In Global competition, the use of internet marketing and nation brand hold significant impact to the growth of tourism industry. This terms also applied in Indonesia tourism strategic management to grow its tourism industry. The competition between Southeast Asia nations is strict, since the other nations offer more less same destination such as natural resources and cultural heritage. To strengthen and differentiate Indonesia Tourism sectors, Indonesia needs specific brands which can be used to build awareness of the people towards Indonesia. Hence, Wonderful Indonesia were created. With this paper, it will give valuable information about Indonesia Nation Brand that still need improvement. Since it is still behind three neighbor countries. There are several aspects that still need to be improved in order to gain the positive image of Nation Brands. The aspects need to be improved such as infrastructure, Natural Resources and Internet Communication and Technology.
Downloads
References
Aaker, D. A. (1991). Managing Brands Equity. USA: The Free Press.
Andari, D. W. (2008). Post-Bomb Lessons’, Inside Indonesia, http://www.insideindonesia.org/post-bomb-lessons, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Anholt, S. (2005). What is a National Brand? Obtenido de Superbrands: http://www.superbrands.com/turkeysb/trcopy/files/Anholt_3939.pdf
Anholt, S. (2008). National Branding in Asia. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 4(4)
Anholt. S. (2010). Places: Identity, Images and Reputations. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
ASEAN UP. (2018). ASEAN Infographic, Population, Market,Economy, [website], available at https://aseanup.com/asean-infographics-population-market-economy ,(accesed 20.01.2018).
ASEAN. (2017). ASEAN Annual Report 2016-2017, Partnering for Change Enggaging the World, Jakarta, 2017. Awards and accolades, [website], http://www.changiairport.com/content/cag/en/aboutus.html?tab=2017 , (accessed on 25.01.2018).
Bali Travel News. (2017). Indonesia Develops Ten Priority Tourist Destinations’, Bali Travel News. http://bali-travelnews.com/2016/02/15/indonesia-develops-ten-priority-tourist- destinations/, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Barras, A & Ichsan, A. S. (2013). Presiden Beri Nama Tol Bali Mandara, Republika. http://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/13/09/23/mtkwuf-presiden-beri-nama-tol-bali-mandara, (accessed on 26.01.2018).
BBC Indonesia. (2014). Thailand Umumkan Darurat Militer’, BBC News, 20 Mei 2014, http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia/2014/05/140520_thailand, (accesed 13 November 2017).
BBC Indonesia. (2017). Krisis Terbaru Rohingya: Bagaimana Seluruh Kekerasan Bermula?, http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-41149698, ( accesed 13 November 2018).
BBC Indonesia. (2017). Siapa Sebenernya Etnis Rohingya dan Enam Hal Lain Yang Harus Anda Ketahui, https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-41149698, (accesed 13 November 2018).
BBC News. (2002). Bali Blast Shock for Indonesian Economy. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/2325479.stm, (accessed 29 January 2018).
BBC News. (2003). Bali’s Long Road to Recovery. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3168962.stm, (accessed 29 January 2018).
BBC News. (2005). ’Bali Bomb attacks Claim 26 Lives’,BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4300274.stm, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Beirman, D. (2012). Ten years on: the significance of the Bali bombings for the tourism industry. https://www.eturbonews.com/61954/ten-years-significance-bali-bombings-tourism-industry, ( accessed 29 January 2018).
Beirman, D. (2012). Ten years on: the significance of the Bali bombings for the tourism industry’, ETN, https://www.eturbonews.com/61954/ten-years-significance-bali- bombings-tourism-industry/, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Care Tourism. (2011). Wonderful Indonesia Branding Baru Pariwisata Indonesia. https://caretourism.wordpress.com/2011/01/23/wonderful-indonesia-branding-baru- pariwisata-indonesia/, (accesed on 14.02.2018).
Care Tourism. (2011). Wonderful Indonesia Branding Baru Pariwisata Indonesia, 23 January, https://caretourism.wordpress.com/2011/01/23/wonderful-indonesia-branding-baru- pariwisata-indonesia/, (accesed on 14.02.2018).
Chaffey, D. (2003). Total E-mail Marketing. Great Britain: Marketing Insight. Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Mayer, R., & Johnston, K. (2009). Internet Marketing: Strategy, Implementation and Practice. Pearson education.
Chandra, A. C. & D. Damarjati. (2017). 3 Tahun Jokowi-JK, Pariwisata Sumbang Devisa Terbesar Kedua’, Detik Finance, https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3687715/tiga-tahun-jokowi-jk-pariwisata-sumbang-devisa-terbesar-kedua, (accessed 13 November 2017).
Charlesworth, A. (2009). Internet Marketing: A Practical Approcah. Slovenia: Macmillan.
Clifton, B. & Wockner, A.C. (2015). The Night Horror Came Back to Bali’, The Daily Telegraph, 29 September, https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/special-features/in-depth/the-moment-terror-returned-to-bali/news, accessed 29 January 2018).
CNN Indonesia. (2016). Mengintip War Room M17. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20160826000000-307-154136/mengintip-war- room-m17, (accessed at 30 January 2018).
CNN. (2003). New Bali-Style Attack Warning. http://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/auspac/03/22/aust.warning.indon/index.html, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Dinni, K. (2008). Nation Branding Concepts, Issues, Practice. United Kingdom: Elsevier Ltd. Duong, L. (2012). Practice of internet marketing in destination branding. Bachelor Thesis, Savonia University of Applies Sciences.
DW. (2015). Dampak Bom Bali Terhadap Wisata, http://www.dw.com/id/dampak-bom-bali-terhadap-pariwisata/a-2935604, (accessed 29 January 2018).
EIC. (2017). Insight: The Megatrends to Change the Face of Thai Tourism Industry. https://www.scbeic.com/en/detail/file/product/3368/eo7pa7niy0/EIC_Insight_tourism_2017_EN.pdf
Eley & Tiley. (2009). Online Marketing Inside Out. Australia: SitePoint Pty.Ltd.
Fakhri, F. (2017). Ingin Tahu Kenapa jokowi Fokus Bangun Infrastruktur Indonesia? Ini Alasannya. https://news.okezone.com/read/2017/09/04/337/1769283/ingin-tahu-kenapa-jokowi-, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Geary, B. G. (2016). Lest we forget... but Bali did: Bali bombing memorial in Kuta lies in ruins with no flags and a water features covered in slime weeks before the anniversary of terror attack that killed 88 Australians, Mail Online, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3790285/Bali-Bombings-memorial-Kuta-left-ruin- weeks-anniversary-attack-killed-88-Australians.html, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Gunawan, R. (2014). 12-10-2002: Bom Bali 1 Renggut 202 Nyawa. Liputan. http://news.liputan6.com/read/2117622/12-10-2002-bom-bali-i-renggut-202-nyawa, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Gurtner, Y. (2008). After The Bali Bombing- the Long Road To Recovery. The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 19(4). Hakala, U., Lemmetyinen, A., & Kantola, S. P. (2013). Country image as a nation?branding tool. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 31(5), 538-556. Hosany, S., Ekinci, Y., & Uysal, M. (2007). Destination image and destination personality. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1(1), 62-81. Ibeh, K. I., Luo, Y., & Dinnie, K. (2005). E-branding strategies of internet companies: some preliminary insights from the UK. Journal of Brand Management, 12, 355-373.
Jakarta Post. (2017). 10 New Bali Destination to Host MICE Tourism. http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/04/27/10-new-bali-destination-to-host-mice-tourism.html, (accessed 29 January 2018). Kaneva, N. (2011). Nation Branding: Toward an Agenda for Critical Research. International Journal of Communication, 5, 25. Kemenparekraf. (2017). Statistik Wisatawan Mancanegara. http://kemenpar.go.id/asp/ringkasan.asp?c=110, (accessed 13 November 2017).
KOMPAS. (2015). Bali, Jakarta, Singapura Pintu Masuk Wisman ke Indonesia. http://travel.kompas.com/read/2016/05/23/112700027/Bali.Jakarta.Singapura.Pintu.Masuk.Wisman.ke.Indonesia , (accessed 10 February 2017).
Kompas. (2017). Menpar Ajak Lulusan STP Nusa Dua Bali Kembangkan Go Digital. http://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/09/20/160800827/menpar-ajak-lulusan-stp-nusa- dua-bali-kembangkan-go-digital/, (accessed at 7 February 2018).
Kotler & Keller. (2012). Marketing Management. USA: Pearson Education Limited. Kotlerof & Armstrong. (1998). Principles of Marketing. New Jersey: Inc. Upper Saddle River.
Kusnaedi, D. (2017). Ini Dia 14 Bandara Baru di Indonesia. http://www.aktual.com/14-bandara-baru-indonesia, (accessed 10 February). Ledford, J. L. (2015). Search engine optimization bible (Vol. 584). John Wiley & Sons.
Liputan 6. (2002). Efek Bola Salju Bom Bali. http://news.liputan6.com/read/443816/efek-bola-salju-bom-bali, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Liputan 6. (2012). Malam Mencekam di Legian. http://news.liputan6.com/read/443813/malam-mencekam-di-legian, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Marquit, M. (2017). 5 Types of Online Marketing You Need For Your Bussiness, [web blog]. https://due.com/blog/5-types-online-marketing-need-business/, (accessed on 27. 12. 2017).
Maudin, L. (2012). Ten Years On: Bali Bombings Hit The Tourism Industry. https://www.tourism-review.com/indonesian-industry-10-years-after-bali-bombings-news3434, ( accessed 29 January 2018).
McLaughlin E. C., M. Andri & B. Westcott. (2017). Indonesia Volcano: Mount Agung Eruption Closes Bali’s Main Airport. http://edition.cnn.com/2017/11/26/asia/mount-agung-eruption-bali- indonesia/index.html, (accesed 13 November 2018).
Misrahi, T. (2018). ASEAN May Have 10 Nations But It Should Only Have One Visa, [website], available at https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/06/asean-one-visa-travel-destinatio, (accessed 20 Janury 2018).
Munady. (2014). Kemenpar Siapkan Strategi Wujudkan Target Wisata, Pikiran Rakyat. http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/wisata/2014/12/03/306991/kemenpar-siapkan-strategi- wujudkan-target-wisata/, (accessed on 14.02.2018).
Pesona Indonesia. (2016). Pembaruan Logo Wonderful dan Pesona Indonesia, [website], https://pesona.indonesia.travel/berita/reposisi-logo-wonderful-dan-pesona-indonesia-2016/, (accessed on 14 February 2018).
Pradana, R. S. (2017). Ini Alasan Presiden Jokowi Getol Bangun Infrastruktur. , http://industri.bisnis.com/read/20171017/45/700209/ini-alasan-presiden-jokowi-getol-bangun-infrastruktur, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Praditya, I.I., ‘Bandara Wamena Siap Diresmikan Presiden Jokowi’, Liputan 6, 29 Desember 2015, http://bisnis.liputan6.com/read/2399810/bandara-wamena-siap-diresmikan-presiden- jokowi, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Pratiwi,’Menteri Pariwisata Resmikan Badan Otorita Pariwaisata Borobudur’,Detik.com,10 February 2017, https://travel.detik.com/travel-news/d-3860246/menteri-pariwisata-resmikan-badan-, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Prodjo, W. A. (2016). Menpar: Indonesia Butuh 30 Juta Kursi Pesawat. https://travel.kompas.com/read/2016/11/04/062200027/menpar.indonesia.butuh.30.juta.k ursi.pesawat, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Prodjo, W. A. (2016). Turis Asing ke Indonesia Paling Banyak Masuk Melalui Bandara Ngurah Rai.http://travel.kompas.com/read/2016/12/03/090800027/turis.asing.ke.indonesia.paling.banyak.masuk.melalui.bandara.ngurah.rai/, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Prodjo, W. A. (2017). Ini Tantangan Pengembangan Pariwisata Tahun 2018. http://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/09/20/160800827/menpar-ajak-lulusan-stp-nusa-dua-bali-kembangkan-go-digital, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Pusat Pengendalian Pembangunan Ekoregion Bali dan Nusa Tenggara. (2017). Pencemaran Sampah Kiriman di Pantai Kuta dan Sekitarnya, [website], http://ppebalinusra.menlh.go.id/pencemaran-sampah-kiriman-di-pantai-kuta-dan- sekitarnya.html, (accessed on 8 February 2018).
PwC. (2016). Understanding Infrastructure Opportunities in ASEAN. Infrastructure Series Report 1, Singapore.
Racman, F. F. (2017). Ini Bandara-Bandara Baru Siap Beroperasi 2017. https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3410036/ini-bandara-bandara-baru-siap- beroperasi-2017, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Rahardian, A. (2017). Wonderful Indonesia Brand Guideline. https://issuu.com/aharadiran/docs/preview_low_rest, (accessed on 14.02.2018)
Rebbecasauliner (2017). Rebecca Saulnier, Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet Marketing. website], http://rebeccasaulnier.com/advantages-disadvantages-internet-marketing/, (accessed on 29. 12.2017)
Ries . (1999). 22 immutable Laws of Brands. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Saubani, A. (2017). Dinas LHK Badung Siap Olah 200 Ton Sampah Pantai Kuta, http://nasional.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/daerah/17/12/26/p1kozi409-dinas- lhk-badung-siap-olah-200-ton-sampah-pantai-kuta/, (accessed on 09.02.2018).
Schubert, A. (2003). U.S. Issues Travel Warning for Indonesia. http://edition.cnn.com/2003/US/03/23/indonesia.warning/index.html, (accessed 29 January 2018).
Scott, N. (2017). The Ultimate Backpaker Visa Guide to Southeast Asia, [website], available at https://southeastasiabackpacker.com/visa-guide/, (accessed on 21.01.2017).
SDC (2016). SDC annual report 2016-2016, [website] available at http://www.sentosa.gov.sg/sentosaAR15_16/pdf/Sentosa_AR_1516.pdf, (accessed on 25 January 2018).
SEASIA. (2017). The Top 5 Southeast Asia’s Most Tourism-Friendly Destination. [website]. Available at https://seasia.co/2017/06/19/the-5-southeast-asia-s-most-tourism-friendly-destinations, (accesed 16 November 2017)
Simorangkir, E. (2017). Jokowi Bangun 2.623 Km Jalan Baru Dalam 3 Tahun, Dimana Saja. https://finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/3695406/jokowi-bangun-2623-km- jalan-baru-dalam-3-tahun-di-mana-saja/, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Statista (2017). Number of internet users worldwide from 2005 to 2017 (in millions), [website], , https://www.statista.com/statistics/273018/number-of-internet-users-worldwide/, (accessed 1 September 2017).
Statista. (2017). Number Of Daily Active Facebook Users Worldwide As Of 4th Quarter 2017 (In Millions), [website], https://www.statista.com/statistics/346167/facebook-global-dau/, (accessed on 01.02.2018).
Suhendi, A. (2012). Ini Alasan Teroris Melakukan Bom Bunuh Diri. http://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2012/03/23/ini-alasan-teroris-melakukan-bom- bunuh-diri/, ( accessed 29 January 2018).
Sukiswanti, P. (2015). Butuh 10 Tahun Pulihkan Pulau Dewata Pasca-Bom Bali,Okezone News. https://news.okezone.com/read/2015/10/12/340/1230764/butuh-10-tahun-pulihkan-pulau-dewata-pasca-bom-bali, ( accessed 29 January 2018).
Sukmana, Y. (2017). 3 Tahun Jokowi-JK, Pariwisata Sumbang Devisa Terbesar Kedua. http://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2017/10/17/220236426/3-tahun-jokowi-jk- pariwisata-sumbang-devisa-terbesar-kedua/, (accessed October 2017). Szetela, D., & Kerschbaum, J. (2010). Pay-per-click search engine marketing: An hour a day. John Wiley & Sons.
T.Misrahi (2017). South-East Asia’s Most Tourism-friendly Destinations, [website], available at https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/04/south-east-asia-s-most-tourism-friendly- destinations/, (accessed 18.01.2018).
Taufik, A., ‘Historipedia: Peristiwa Bomb Bali, Bencana Bagi Indonesia’,Okezone News, 12 Oktober 2015, https://news.okezone.com/read/2016/10/11/18/1512180/historipedia-peristiwa- bom-bali-bencana-bagi-indonesia?page=1, ( accessed 29 January 2018).
Teguh, F. (2017). Strategi Pembangunan Pariwisata, Semarang, 26 July [online PPT], https://www.slideshare.net/tridamayantho/strategi-pembangunan-pariwisata-2017- kemenpar-ay/, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Tim VIVA (2012). Kronologi Bom Bali 1 Dibeberkan. https://www.viva.co.id/berita/nasional/287896-jpu-jabarkan-kronologi-peristiwa-bom- bali-i/, ( accessed 29 January 2018).
Tim Viva (2017). 3 Tahun Jokowi Jk, 15 Bandara Baru Dibangun. https://www.viva.co.id/berita/nasional/969458-tiga-tahun-jokowi-jk-15-bandara-baru- dibangun/, (accessed 10 February 2017). Tjiptono, F. (2011). Manajemen dan strategi merek. Penerbit Andi Offset, Yogyakarta.
Tribun Bali (2017). Usai Pesta Kembang Api Di Pantai Kuta, 9 Ton Sampah Didominasi Bekas Petasan. http://bali.tribunnews.com/2018/01/01/usai-pesta-kembang- api-di-pantai-kuta-9-ton-sampah-didominasi-bekas-petasan/ , ( accessed 29 January 2018).
Tribunnews. (2015). Survei: 60 Persen Turis Asing Travelling Ke Indonesia Karena Kekayaan Budaya. http://www.tribunnews.com/travel/2015/08/10/survei-60- persen-turis-asing-traveling-ke-indonesia-karena-tertarik-kekayaan-budaya/, ( accessed 29 January 2018).
United Nation World Tourism Organization (2017). Tourism Highlights 2017 Edition. Madrid: World Tourism Organization, United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2014). Global Tourism Economic Centre and United Nation World Tourism Organization, Asia Tourism Trends, Madrid, Global Tourism Economy Research Centre and United Nation World Tourism Organization.
Vella, L., & Kestler, J. (2008). Handbook on E-Marketing for Tourism Destination. Madrid, Spain: World Tourism Organization and The Europian Travel Commission,
Wahidin. (2017). Kawah Ijen Segera Dilengkapi Kereta Gantung. https://www.ngopibareng.id/timeline/kawah-ijen-segera-dilengkapi-kereta-gantung- 2298225, (accessed 10 February 2017).
Wicaksono, P. E. (2017). Proyek MRT Fase I Selesai 90 Persen pada Akhir 2017. http://bisnis.liputan6.com/read/3123349/proyek-mrt-fase-i-selesai-90-persen-pada-akhir- 2017, (accessed on 25.01.2018).
Wonderful Indonesia. (2018). Wonderful Indonesia Wins Best Destination Marketing Award: Travel Weekly Asia, [website], http://www.indonesia.travel/gb/en/news-events/news/wonderful-indonesia-wins-best-destination-marketing-award-travel-weekly-asia, (accessed on 15.02.2018).
World Economic Forum. (2017). South-east Asia most tourism-friendly destination, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/04/south-east-asia-s-most-tourism-friendly, (accesed 16 November 2017)
World Economic Forum. (2017). The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2017 ‘paving the way of more suistainable and inclusive future. Geneva World Economic Forum.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Suadhe Rahmat SIREGAR, Tiara WARDHANI
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
